For a more detailed look at the first two models, just click here.
Model 3: Individual systems on roofs or balconies
With so-called roof rental, each owner or tenant can use a section of the roof to operate their own photovoltaic system with their own wiring and inverter(s).
“With individual roof systems, the costs are higher overall than for a communal PV system due to the complex installation and additional materials,” Johannes Jung from the Regio Freiburg Energy Agency calculates, “but there are no administration or billing costs for the homeowners' association or property management, because everyone takes care of their own system.”
Lumon Deutschland GmbH / Steffen Walther
The situation is similar with balcony systems: “Here, too, there are no billing costs, and such a plug-in solar kit does not cost much and is quick to install. Therefore, it usually pays for itself after five to six years at the latest, even without subsidies,” Jung calculates.
Model 4: Full feed-in to the grid
The fourth model for photovoltaics on multi-family homes is that the electricity from the communal system flows entirely into the public grid and the owners jointly receive a fixed payment for this. This amount can be used to increase reserves or is paid out annually to the each owner. The low feed-in tariffs make this option economically unattractive. However, this concept is well suited for owners that are committed to climate protection. The effort involved is also limited; the only thing that needs to be done is to allocate the income to the owners.
Full feed-in is also an option if the owners want a PV solution quickly but have not yet finally decided on a usage model, because feed-in is always possible – even as a temporary solution.
Conclusion: What is the best solution?
“There is no one model that is the best solution for all multi-family homes. Which concept is suitable in each individual case depends on many factors. These include, for example, the size of the community, whether it has a loose or close-knit structure, and how much you want to do yourself,” emphasizes Johannes Jung.
The energy expert’s guidance: “Seek advice.” The best people to talk to are local energy agencies or energy consultants.
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